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定语从句专项训练:20道易错题深度解析

在英语语法的学习中,定语从句是一个至关重要的组成部分 ,它不仅考查了学生对句子结构理解的深度,还涉及到了词汇和语法的综合运用,为了帮助同学们更好地掌握定语从句 ,本文将针对定语从句的常见错误,提供20道易错题的深度解析,希望通过这些练习 ,能够使大家在学习过程中避免陷入误区,提升解题能力 。

定语从句作为修饰名词或代词的句子,其核心在于关系词的正确选择和从句的恰当构造,在实际应用中 ,许多学生往往会因为对关系词的用法把握不准确 ,或是从句与主句之间的逻辑关系处理不当,导致定语从句出现错误,下面 ,我们就来具体分析这些易错题。

易错题解析

错误使用关系代词

题目:The book that you gave me is very interesting.

解析:这句话中,关系代词“that ”使用不当,在限制性定语从句中 ,当先行词为人时,通常使用“who”或“whom”,而不是“that ”。

正确答案:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(如果先行词为物 ,则使用“that”是正确的)

忽略关系词

题目:The girl lives next door is my best friend.

解析:这句话缺少了关系代词,在定语从句中,关系代词起到了连接先行词和从句的作用 。

正确答案:The girl who lives next door is my best friend.

混淆关系副词

题目:I remember the day when I first met you.

解析:这句话中 ,“when”使用正确,但有些同学可能会误用“where ”或“why”,这是由于混淆了关系副词的用法。

正确答案:I remember the day when I first met you.

错误使用关系代词“which”

题目:The book, which you gave me, is very interesting.

解析:这句话中 ,“which ”使用不当 ,在非限制性定语从句中,通常使用“which ”来引导,但如果先行词是人 ,则应使用“who”。

正确答案:The book, which you gave me, is very interesting.(如果先行词为物,则使用“which”是正确的)

定语从句与主句逻辑关系错误

题目:He visited the teacher who taught him English last year.

解析:这句话的逻辑关系错误,根据句意 ,应该是“去年教他英语的老师 ”,因此定语从句的时态应该与主句保持一致 。

正确答案:He visited the teacher who teaches him English last year.

五个例子只是定语从句易错题中的一部分,下面,我们将继续分析剩下的15道题目 ,以帮助同学们更全面地掌握定语从句的用法。

定语从句引导词的选择

题目:The man ___ you met yesterday is my uncle.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句,由于先行词是人,所以应该选择“who”。

正确答案:The man who you met yesterday is my uncle.

定语从句的时态

题目:The book ___ you borrowed from the library has been returned.

解析:这句话中 ,定语从句的时态应该与主句保持一致,因此应该使用一般过去时 。

正确答案:The book that you borrowed from the library has been returned.

定语从句的语序

题目:The house ___ windows are broken needs to be repaired.

解析:这句话中,定语从句的语序错误 ,应该是“the house whose windows are broken” 。

正确答案:The house whose windows are broken needs to be repaired.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The reason ___ he did not come is not clear.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系副词来引导定语从句 ,由于先行词是“reason ”,所以应该选择“why”。

正确答案:The reason why he did not come is not clear.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The city ___ I visited last year has changed a lot.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系副词来引导定语从句,由于先行词是“city” ,所以应该选择“where ”。

正确答案:The city where I visited last year has changed a lot.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The book ___ you are looking for is on the shelf.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句,由于先行词是“book”,所以应该选择“that”或“which ” 。

正确答案:The book that/which you are looking for is on the shelf.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The man ___ spoke to you just now is my father.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句 ,由于先行词是人,所以应该选择“who”或“whom”。

正确答案:The man who/whom spoke to you just now is my father.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The room ___ window faces the sea is very beautiful.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句,由于先行词是“room ” ,所以应该选择“whose ”。

正确答案:The room whose window faces the sea is very beautiful.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The girl ___ you met at the party is my sister.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句,由于先行词是人,所以应该选择“who” 。

正确答案:The girl who you met at the party is my sister.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The story ___ he told us is very interesting.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句 ,由于先行词是“story”,所以应该选择“that ”或“which”。

正确答案:The story that/which he told us is very interesting.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The book ___ you gave me is very useful.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句,由于先行词是“book” ,所以应该选择“that ”或“which”。

正确答案:The book that/which you gave me is very useful.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The teacher ___ is speaking to you is our English teacher.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句 ,由于先行词是人,所以应该选择“who”或“whom ” 。

正确答案:The teacher who/whom is speaking to you is our English teacher.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The car ___ we bought last month is very comfortable.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句,由于先行词是“car” ,所以应该选择“that”或“which ”。

正确答案:The car that/which we bought last month is very comfortable.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The girl ___ smile is so sweet is my classmate.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系代词来引导定语从句,由于先行词是人,所以应该选择“who”。

正确答案:The girl who smile is so sweet is my classmate.

定语从句的引导词

题目:The place ___ we visited yesterday is a beautiful park.

解析:这里需要选择一个关系副词来引导定语从句 ,由于先行词是“place”,所以应该选择“where ” 。

正确答案:The place where we visited yesterday is a beautiful park.

通过以上20道易错题的深度解析,我们可以看到,定语从句的学习需要同学们对关系词的用法有深入的理解和掌握 ,定语从句与主句之间的逻辑关系也是非常重要的,希望这些练习能够帮助同学们在实际应用中避免错误,提高英语水平 ,在未来的学习中,同学们还需要不断练习,积累经验 ,才能在定语从句的应用中更加得心应手。